(NY) Listeria welshimeri was isolated on Listeria culture of the brain of a fresh two-year old Holstein dairy cow. This animal was not quite right at 6 days fresh. She had difficulties eating and drinking. About 3 days later she became more neurologic and recumbent and was humanely euthanized. Her brain tested negative for Rabies. Histopathology of the brain revealed a lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis. Although this bacterium is not a common cause of meningoencephalitis in cattle, it has been described as a cause of neurologic disease in sheep, and the distribution and composition of the inflammatory infiltrates are similar to those seen in Listeriosis cases caused by Listeria monocytogenes.